The Life Cycle of a Star - IELTS Reading Answers
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Level up your IELTS Reading preparation with the passage on ‘The Life Cycle of a Star’. Score a band 8+ with targeted strategies to attempt matching features and sentence completion type of questions while analyzing the answers to improve.
Table of Contents
- Types of Questions in the IELTS Reading Passage ‘The Life Cycle of a Star’
- How to Approach Questions in The Life Cycle of a Star to Achieve a Band 8+?
- IELTS Reading Passage on ‘The Life Cycle of a Star’
- The Life Cycle of a Star
- Answers with Location and Explanation on IELTS Passage - The Life Cycle of a Star


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‘The Life Cycle of a Star’ is a reading passage which can be seen as considerably challenging. To achieve a higher band score, you must utilize the entire 20 minutes to find answers. Since there are different question types, you need to first get familiar with them so that you know which strategies to use.
As you dive into the passage from the IELTS Academic Reading, you will develop your reading skills, which will help you to extract and interpret information. With time, you will be able to sharpen your critical thinking, improve your attention to detail, and build greater accuracy.
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Types of Questions in the IELTS Reading Passage ‘The Life Cycle of a Star’
By practising with the passage ‘The Life Cycle of a Star’, you can acquaint yourself with the types of questions that you will be asked and the level of difficulty that you can expect. Therefore, to see a consistent score improvement, it is suggested to first practice the question types before attempting the passage.
The question types in this Reading Passage include:
- IELTS Reading Matching Features (Q. 1-6)
- IELTS Reading Sentence Completion (Q. 7-13)
How to Approach Questions in The Life Cycle of a Star to Achieve a Band 8+?
A strategic approach is always needed to achieve a band score of 8+. Before looking into the questions given in The Life Cycle of a Star, you must learn a few tricks so that it becomes easier to attempt the passage. Remember that a study plan with focused tricks would help you to score more in this module. Below are some of the IELTS Exam Preparation Tips for Band Score of 8+.
- Read the instructions carefully before you start attempting any questions. This is because your answers will not be counted if you do not provide answers within the given limit for words or numbers.
- To understand the main idea, practice skimming and scanning for particular details. These two skills are very useful for improving accuracy and comprehending the information, particularly under time constraints.
- Practice using a stopwatch so that you get familiar with your progress level in real time. Since you must not take more than 20 minutes to complete answering questions for one section, getting familiar with the Time Management for IELTS Reading is crucial.
- Sit in a quiet place to simulate the exam conditions. This will build confidence and help you focus on completing the test.
- Even though spotting keywords could help you, try not to assume any answers based on just these words. The context in which the words are found needs to be analyzed carefully.
- For matching features type of questions, pay close attention to the wording of the features you need to match. Look for synonyms or paraphrases of these features in the text, as they may not appear word-for-word.
- The selected answer for the sentence completion type of questions must make sense contextually. This is because keywords can help look for the information given in the passage but to find the right answer, you must focus on the meaning.
- Practice with IELTS Grammar so that you can select the correct word easily. This will also help in gaining knowledge of different sentence structures.
Curious to learn how to improve your reading skills to get a band 9? Check out the video below!
IELTS Reading Passage on ‘The Life Cycle of a Star’
You should spend about 20 minutes on questions 1-13, which are based on the Reading Passage below. |
The Life Cycle of a Star
It has been conservatively estimated that there are some 10,000 billion stars in the universe. It is difficult to know the exact age of a star (astronomers have identified stars as young as 25,000 years old and others are thought to be over 10 billion years old), but what astronomers do know is that there are many different kinds.
How each star is formed, and its mass, influences its type and longevity. A star is born in a nebula, which is a giant cloud of gas and dust. The larger the amount of matter that is into the nebula, the greater the mass of the star that is created. Inside these nebulae are dense areas of gas, which, due to their density, have a stronger gravitational pull than the rest of the nebula. Gradually, gravity drags the gas in the nebula together and it begins to spin and become increasingly hotter.
Once the temperature reaches 15,000,000°C, nuclear fusion occurs in the center of the cloud and it begins to glow brightly. It stabilizes at this temperature, contracts slightly, and becomes what is known as a main-sequence star (an example of this is our own Sun). It can remain in this stage for millions or billions of years.
As it glows, hydrogen in the center (through nuclear fusion) becomes helium. Eventually, the hydrogen supply in the core diminishes and the core of the star becomes unstable, contracting more. However, the outer parts of the star (which are still mainly hydrogen) expand and cool, and in doing so, the star starts to glow red.
It is at this stage that the star becomes a red giant. It is anticipated that it will take the Sun another 5 billion years to reach this stage. By then it will have grown large enough to engulf the three closest planets (Mercury, Venus, and Earth) and glow 2,000 times brighter than it currently does.
Exactly how a star will react in the red giant phase depends on its mass. Throughout the red giant phase, the hydrogen in the outer parts carries on burning, and the center gets hotter and hotter. On reaching 200,000,000°C, the helium atoms fuse forming carbon atoms. The remainder of the hydrogen explodes and forms a ring around the core called a planetary nebula.
With medium-sized stars, once the final helium atoms have fused into carbon atoms, the star starts to die. The gravitational pull leads to the last of the star's matter collapsing inwards and compacting to become extremely dense. A star like this is called a white dwarf. It will shine white- hot until the remaining energy (thermal energy trapped in its interior) has been exhausted after which it will no longer emit light. This can take in excess of several billion years. It is then termed a black dwarf (a cold, dark star, perhaps replete with diamonds) and remains in that stage forever.
When the larger red giants (massive stars) collapse, which happens in an instant, so much planetary nebula is created that this gas and dust can be used as a building material for planets in developing solar systems. In addition, with massive stars, as the temperature increases, the Carbon atoms get pulled together to form increasingly heavier elements like oxygen, nitrogen, and finally iron. Once this happens, fusion ceases and the iron atoms begin absorbing energy. At some point in the future, this energy is released in a huge explosion called a supernova. A supernova can have a core temperature of up to 1,000,000,000°C and the explosion can light up the sky for weeks, outshining an entire galaxy. Astronomers believe that Earth is made up of elements formed from the inside of stars, in particular, red giants that explode as supernovas. These massive stars have an average lifespan of one million years.
After becoming a supernova, the remaining core of a massive star that is 1.5 to 4 times as massive as the Sun becomes a neutron star. It starts to spin and often emits radio waves. If these waves occur in pulses, the neutron star is referred to as a pulsar. When a massive star has eight or more times the mass of the Sun, it will remain massive after the supernova. It has no nuclear fusion at the core and becomes engulfed by its own gravity. This results in a black hole, which sucks in any matter or energy that passes close to it. The gravitational field of a black hole is powerful enough to prevent the escape of light and is so dense that it cannot be measured. The phrase ‘black hole’ originated from the physicist John Archibald Wheeler; before this, black holes were known as ‘frozen stars.’ Wheeler came up with this name two years before the proof of the existence of the first black hole, X-ray binary star Cygnus X-1, in 1971. Astronomers think that there may be a black hole at the center of each galaxy.
The life cycle of a star is really that — the materials from an exploded star mix with the hydrogen of the universe. This mixture, in turn, will be the starting point of the next star. The Sun is a case in point, containing the debris from numerous other stars that exploded long before the Sun was born.
Questions 1 – 6:
- nebula
- main-sequence star
- red giant
- white dwarf
- black dwarf
- supernova
- neutron star
- black hole
Example: hottest, brightest point of a star Answer: F |
1 the Sun _________
2 birthplace of a star _________
3 a dying star _________
4 sometimes has pulsating waves _________
5 its size is immeasurable _________
6 its supply of energy has run out _________
Questions 7 – 13:
7 Hydrogen will turn into helium after _____ occurs.
8 The color of the red giant is formed as the ___ becomes smaller and the outer areas cool.
9 At 200,000,000°C the star’s helium atoms fuse into carbon atoms, and then the star____.
10 Unlike small and medium-sized stars, large stars ______quickly.
11 A black hole’s ________ stops light from being emitted.
12 Astronomers knew about _______ before they were able to confirm their existence.
13 Planets and stars are likely to consist of _______ from exploded celestial bodies.
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Answers with Location and Explanation on IELTS Passage - The Life Cycle of a Star
Did you get to find all the answers? Now, it's time to verify your answers and also dive into the answer location as well as an explanation for the passage ‘The Life Cycle of a Star’. By understanding the reason behind the incorrect answers, you will develop the skills to answer all reading questions in the future to achieve a higher IELTS Band Score.
Answer |
Question Type |
Answer Location |
Answer Explanation |
1. B |
Matching Features |
Paragraph 3, line 3 |
Paragraph 3 reveals that when the temperature reaches 15,000,000°C, nuclear fusion occurs in the center of the cloud and it begins to glow brightly. It stabilizes at this temperature, contracts slightly, and becomes what is known as a main-sequence star (an example of this is our own Sun). These lines suggest that the nuclear fusion occurs in the center of the cloud, beginning to glow brightly and when it stabilizes and contracts, it becomes a main-sequence star. Thus, the sun is the main-sequence star. So, the answer is B. |
2. A |
Matching Features |
Paragraph 2, line 2 |
The 2nd line of the 2nd paragraph states that a star is born in a nebula, which is a giant cloud of gas and dust. We understand that the birthplace of a star is a nebula, which is a giant cloud of gas and dust. Thus, the answer is A. |
3. D |
Matching Features |
Paragraph 7 |
Paragraph 7 illustrates the fact that with medium-sized stars, once the final helium atoms have fused into carbon atoms, the star starts to die. The gravitational pull leads to the last of the star’s matter collapsing inwards and compacting to become extremely dense. A star like this is called a white dwarf. These lines suggest that the medium-sized stars start to die when the helium atoms are fused into carbon atoms. Therefore, a star like this is called a white dwarf. So, the answer is D. |
4. G |
Matching Features |
Paragraph 9 |
The 9th paragraph reveals that after becoming a supernova, the remaining core of a massive star that is 1.5 to 4 times as massive as the Sun becomes a neutron star. It starts to spin and often emits radio waves. These lines suggest that once the star becomes a supernova, the core of the star is as large as the Sun, making it become a neutron star, which spins and emits radio waves. Thus, neutron stars have pulsating waves sometimes. So, the answer is G. |
5. H |
Matching Features |
Paragraph 9, line 8 |
The 8th line of the 9th paragraph states that the gravitational field of a black hole is powerful enough to prevent the escape of light and is so dense that it cannot be measured. These lines suggest that the gravitational field of a black hole is extremely powerful to prevent the escape of light and is very dense making it unable to measure. Thus, the size of the black hole is immeasurable. So, the answer is H. |
6. E |
Matching Features |
Paragraph 7, line 4 |
The 4th line of paragraph 7 states that the white star will shine white-hot until the remaining energy (thermal energy trapped in its interior) has been exhausted, after which it will no longer emit light. This can take in excess of several billion years. It is then termed a black dwarf and remains in that stage forever. Thus, the answer is E. |
7. nuclear fusion |
Sentence Completion |
Paragraph 4 |
Paragraph 4 reveals that as the star glows, hydrogen in the center undergoes nuclear fusion and becomes helium. These lines show that hydrogen will turn into helium after nuclear fusion occurs. So, the answer is nuclear fusion. |
8. core |
Sentence Completion |
Paragraph 6 |
Paragraph 6 explains that during the red giant phase, hydrogen in the outer parts continues to burn, making the center hotter. When it reaches 200,000,000°C, helium atoms fuse to form carbon, and the leftover hydrogen forms a ring around the core called a planetary nebula. Hence, the answer is core. |
9. starts to die |
Sentence Completion |
Paragraph 6 – 7 |
Paragraph 6 reveals the fusion of helium into carbon at high temperatures, while paragraph 7 begins by stating that the star starts to die once this fusion process is complete. This sequence of events confirms the answer: starts to die. |
10. collapse |
Sentence Completion |
Paragraph 8 |
According to paragraph 8, massive stars collapse in an instant, creating planetary nebulae. This material can later contribute to forming planets. So, the correct answer is collapse. |
11. the gravitational field |
Sentence Completion |
Paragraph 7, line 8 |
Paragraph 7, line 8, illustrates that the gravitational field of a black hole is powerful enough to prevent light from escaping and is too dense to measure. Hence, the correct answer is the gravitational field. |
12. black holes |
Sentence Completion |
Paragraph 7, last line |
The final line of paragraph 7 notes that the term 'black hole' was coined before the discovery of the first confirmed black hole in 1971. Astronomers now believe black holes may exist at the center of each galaxy. Thus, the answer is black holes. |
13. debris/materials |
Sentence Completion |
Paragraph 10 |
Paragraph 10 explains that the remains of exploded stars mix with hydrogen in space to create new stars. The Sun itself contains debris from previous stars. Therefore, the answer is debris/materials. |
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Mastering different types of IELTS Reading questions is important to score a band 8+. With consistent practice, your understanding will improve, allowing you to read faster with precision. Remember that effective implementation of the strategies will help you sharpen your skills and build your confidence. This will make you remain calm and focused in the actual exam.
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