Freebie Marketing, Tacoma Narrows Bridge – Disaster Strikes, Ebonics Reading Answers
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The IELTS Reading passage, Freebie Marketing, along with the other two Academic passages – Tacoma Narrows Bridge – Disaster Strikes and Ebonics make this a complete Reading practice test.
You will have 60 minutes to complete the whole test, which consists of 40 questions in total. Here are the question types in this reading test!
Reading Passage 1 ( Freebie” Marketing)
Reading Passage 2 ( Tacoma Narrows Bridge – Disaster Strikes)
- Note completion
- Table completion
- IELTS Summary Completion
- IELTS Multiple-choice questions
Reading Passage 3 (Ebonics)
Set your timer and take the test now!
Reading Passage 1
Freebie Marketing
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on the Reading Passage below. Find the practice test with the Freebie Marketing PDF here.
Questions 1-6
Reading Passage 1 has six sections A-F.
Choose the correct headings for sections A-F from the list of headings below.
Write the correct number i-x in boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.
- No giveaways for addictive products
- Sales of razor blades increase astronomically
- The monopoly of consumables is vital for success
- Video gaming – a risky business
- A novel method of dual marketing ruled out
- Freebie marketing restricted to legal goods
- Buyer ingenuity may lead to bankruptcy
- A marketing innovation
- A product innovation
- More money to be made from high – quality products
1 Section A
2 Section B
3 Section C
4 Section D
5 Section E
6 Section F
Questions 7-9
Complete the sentences below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the text for each answer.
Write your answers in blank spaces 7-9 on your answer sheet.
7 The new tactic of freebie marketing ran against the ……………….. of Gillette’s time.
8 Occasionally, people who buy a master product find ways of using it that get around the necessity of buying more ……………….
9 Wired never had a ……………….. with its customers about the use of the barcode readers.
Questions 10-13
Complete the summary below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the text for each answer.
Write your answers in blank spaces next to 10-13 on your answer sheet.
Freebie marketing is not permitted by law for either illegal or legal 10………………… products. This type of promotion of goods such as tobacco and alcohol is not considered worth the 11…………….. and has consequently been outlawed. “Tying” is also prohibited. This is when the sale of an attractive product is 12…………………. on the purchase of another. It tends to occur when the seller takes advantage of a natural monopoly and is generally considered to be 13………………..
Also check:
- IELTS Reading tips
- True False Not Given IELTS Reading
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- IELTS Academic Reading test papers with answers pdf
Reading Passage 2
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on the Reading Passage below. Find the practice test with the Tacoma Narrows Bridge – Disaster Strikes PDF here.
Tacoma Narrows Bridge – Disaster Strikes
Questions 14-16
Complete the notes below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in blank spaces next to 14-16 on your answer sheet.
Engineers used various techniques while building the bridge to reduce wobble:
• they attached 14…………………. to heavy blocks on the shoreline
• they fastened the main cables to the middle of the 15…………………
• 16……………………. were placed between the tallest parts of the structure and the deck.
Questions 17-19
Complete the table below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in blank spaces next to 17-19 on your answer sheet.
| Mode of Vibration | Description |
| 17……………………… | moving repeatedly to the left and right |
| 18……………………… | up and down motion; like a wave |
| Torsional | resembling motions of a 19………………. |
Questions 20-24
Complete the summary below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in blank spaces next to 20-24 on your answer sheet.
20………………….. is a series of actions leading to torsional oscillation. Various components move back and forth from the force of the 21…………………. eventually, the structure absorbs more 22………………….. than it is able to disperse and the 23…………………… increase in intensity until the structure collapses under the 24………………..
Questions 25 and 26
Choose TWO letters. A—E.
Write your answers in boxes 25 and 26 on your answer sheet.
Which TWO of the following were on the bridge at the time of the collapse?
A filming equipment
B a small dog
C Leonard Coatsworth’s daughter
D a vehicle
E Professor Farquharson
25
26
Reading Passage 3
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on the Reading Passage below. Find the practice test with the Ebonics PDF here.
Ebonics
Questions 27—30
Complete the summary below.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the text for each answer.
Write your answers in blank spaces next to 27—30 on your answer sheet.
Ebonics originated from the 27 ………………… The prisoners found a way to talk to other enslaved Africans as well as to 28 ………………….. In the southern USA, several African languages mixed with English and the local 29 ………………….. Over time, many distinctive 30 ………………….. have been added to produce the Ebonics language of today.
Questions 31-37
Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-K. below.
Write the correct letter, A-K, in boxes 31 —37 on your answer sheet.
31 In 1996, the Oakland Unified School District passed a measure
32 According to John Rickford, it is a good idea when teaching Standard English
33 Linguists studying Black speech patterns are only able
34 The LSA nailed that definitions of “dialect” and “language” are generally away
35 Critics of vernacular alternatives to Standard English tend
36 Ladonna Lewis Rush argues that it is important for educators
37 Toni Morrison finds it necessary
A to use Ebonies in order to express specific concepts
B to recognise the genetic differences between African-American students and others
C to acknowledge the systematic differences that Ebonies speakers must learn to overcome
D to consider Ebonies as lazy English rather than a unique form of expression
E to admit Ebonies users to university to gain more knowledge
F to make a statement about particular geo-social relationships
G to compare Scandinavian languages and Chinese dialects
H to declare Ebonies an independent language, not a variation on English
I to honour positive aspects of Ebonies, while emphasising the necessity of Standard English for formal use
J to approve the language of text messaging as a legitimate mode of communication
K to describe how Ebonies has developed without dictating rules for proper usage
Questions 38-40
Choose THREE letters, A- G
Write the correct letters in boxes 38 – 40 on your answer sheet.
Which THREE statements below represent the views of Joan Walsh?
A Linguistic issues are impeding black academic success rather than social issues.
B Ebonics deserves to be considered as nothing less than a gift to American society.
C Children of non-English speaking immigrants should be denied access to limited educational resources.
D Ebonics is a debate that reflects rising multi-minority tensions and frustrations over funding issues.
E Ebonics is just another hostile encounter between black and white opponents
F Many urban African-American children do not have the same exposure to accepted norms of English that they used to.
G Blacks need more flexibility in their dealings with the white public.
Answer Key
Freebie” Marketing Reading Answers (Passage 1)
Questions 1 – 13
1 Answer: ix
Question Type: Matching Heading
Answer location: Paragraph A, line 4
Answer explanation: If you read thoroughly, a line in the passage specifies that “Gillette soon came to realise, in a product that was used only a few times. Gillette had his own personal breakthrough while Struggling with a straight-bladed razor – a slow, fiddly, and potentially dangerous instrument that required sharpening on a regular basis. A simple, disposable blade that could be thrown away when it dulled would meet a real need and generate strong profits, he correctly reasoned.” In the 1890s Gillette realized the simple and dangerous product had the potential to generate great sales, hence, we can deduce that this passage discusses the innovation of the product ‘razor’.
2 Answer: viii
Question Type: Matching Heading
Answer location: Paragraph B, line 1
Answer explanation: The opening line of paragraph B infers that “what King C. Gillette pioneered is far more than a convenient and affordable way for men to shave, however, it is the business practice now known as “freebie marketing” that has inspired many more companies over the years.” Gillette’s method of selling razors is considered to have ushered in a new marketing tactic known as freebie marketing. Thus, the most appropriate title for this paragraph is marketing innovation.
3 Answer: iii
Question Type: Matching Heading
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 1
Answer explanation: In the said paragraph, refer that, “freebie marketing only works If the producer of the master item is also able to maintain control over the creation and distribution of the consumables.” The author suggests that freebie marketing is believed to succeed only when the manufacturer has complete control or monopoly over the development and distribution of his goods. Hence, the most appropriate title for this paragraph is a consumables monopoly is essential for success.
4 Answer: vii
Question Type: Matching Heading
Answer location: Paragraph D, line 4
Answer explanation: A few lines in said paragraph discuss that “users discovered, however, that the machines could be easily modified and used for other purposes, such as building a personal database of book and CD collections. As no licensing agreement was ever reached between Wired and its magazine subscribers. CueCat was powerless to intervene, and after company liquidation, the barcode readers soon became available In quantities over 500.000 for as little as US$0.30 each.” From this information we can infer that users realised that they could change things to utilise them in new ways, causing the maker to lose money. Hence, the most appropriate title for this paragraph would be buyer ingenuity may lead to bankruptcy.
5 Answer: i
Question Type: Matching Heading
Answer location: Paragraph E, last line
Answer explanation: If you read thoroughly, the author in the given paragraph mentions that “for illegal substances, this is already restricted on the basis of the product’s illegality, but the use of freebie marketing to promote legal goods such as tobacco, alcohol and pharmaceuticals is also outlawed because the short-term gain to a small number of commercial outlets is not deemed worth the social cost of widespread substance abuse.” Hence, we can imply that freebie marketing for illicit substances and illegal substances like cigarettes have been banned in order to prevent it from becoming a social problem. Therefore, no giveaways for addictive products is the appropriate title for this paragraph.
6 Answer: v
Question Type: Matching Heading
Answer location: Paragraph F, line 1
Answer explanation: If you read thoroughly, there’s a line that claims, “another practice that is prohibited under antitrust laws is a form of freebie marketing known as “tying”. This is when a seller makes the sale of one good conditional on the acquisition of a second good.” Here, we understand that the practice of tying, also known as dual marketing, is claimed to be illegal under antitrust rules. Therefore, a novel method of dual marketing ruled out is the appropriate title for this paragraph.
7 Answer: received wisdom
Question Type: Sentence Completion
Answer location: Paragraph B, line 2
Answer explanation: In the said paragraph, refer that, “Gillette’s approach was contrary to the received wisdom of his era. which held that a single, durable, high-quality, and relatively expensive consumer item with a high-profit margin was the best foundation for a business.” This line confirms that the new approach (tactic) of Gillette freebie marketing is against (contrary) to the received wisdom of his era.
8 Answer: consumables
Question Type: Sentence Completion
Answer location: Paragraph D, line 1
Answer explanation: Paragraph D puts forward the information that “in other instances, consumers sometimes find that uses for a master product circumvent the need to purchase consumables.” It can be observed that some customers discover new applications (find ways of using it ) for the master product after purchasing it, perhaps reducing the number of consumable purchases.
9 Answer: licensing agreement
Question Type: Sentence Completion
Answer location: Paragraph D, last line
Answer explanation: The answer is clearly mentioned in the said paragraph and line. In the passage, it is said that “as no licensing agreement was ever reached between Wired and its magazine subscribers. CueCat were powerless to intervene, and after company liquidation, the barcode readers soon became available In quantities over 500.000 for as little as US$0.30 each.” The author states that Wired did not enter into any licence agreements with its subscribers.
10 Answer: habit-forming
Question Type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph E, line 1
Answer explanation: In the reference paragraph, the author mentions that “not all forms of freebie marketing are legal. One notable example of this is the use of freebie marketing to “push” habit-forming goods in areas where there is otherwise no market.” Hence, freebie marketing is not permitted for illegal and legal habit-forming products.
11 Answer: social cost
Question Type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph E, line 2
Answer explanation: Few lines in the said paragraph discuss that “for illegal substances, this is already restricted on the basis of the product’s illegality, but the use of freebie marketing to promote legal goods such as tobacco, alcohol and pharmaceuticals is also outlawed because the short-term gain to a small number of commercial outlets is not deemed worth the social cost of widespread substance abuse.” The author states that the freebie type of promotion of goods such as tobacco, alcohol, and pharmaceuticals is not deemed (considered) worth the social cost.
12 Answer: conditional
Question Type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph F, line 2
Answer explanation: In the said paragraph, you can find out that “this is when a seller makes the sale of one good conditional on the acquisition of a second good. In these instances, the first good is typically important and highly desirable, while the .second is inferior and undesirable.” From this information, we can confirm that seller makes the sale of one good conditional on the purchase of another.
13 Answer: anti-competitive behaviour
Question Type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph F, 2nd last line
Answer explanation: If you read thoroughly, a line in the said paragraph discusses that “a music distributor who has the rights to an album that it is in high demand, for example, might only allow stores to purchase copies of this album if they also buy an unpopular stock that does not sell very easily. Because this typically relies on the manipulation of a natural monopoly on the part of the distributor, such practices are widely understood to constitute anti-competitive behaviour.” The selling of one good product conditional on the purchase of another product is known as ‘tying,’ and it is used to sell items that aren’t popular/good. And such practices are widely understood (generally considered) to constitute anti-competitive behaviour.
Tacoma Narrows Bridge – Disaster Strikes Reading Answers (Passage 2)
Questions 14 – 26
14 Answer: tie-down cables
Question type: Note Completion
Answer location: Paragraph A, line 5
Answer explanation: The fifth line of paragraph A illustrates that initially tie-down cables were anchored to fifty-tonne bulkheads on the river banks. These were ineffective, as the cables soon detached. We can deduce from these lines that tie-down cables were attached to 50 tonne bulkheads on the river banks, which were ineffective as the cables detached. So, the answer is tie-down cables.
15 Answer: bridge deck
Question type: Note Completion
Answer location: Paragraph A, line 6
Answer explanation: The 6th line of paragraph A illustrates that a pair of inclined cable locks were introduced to connect die main cables to the bridge deck at mid-span. We understand that a pair of inclined cable locks were introduced to fasten the main cables to the middle of the bridge-deck. Thus, the answer is bridge-deck.
16 Answer: hydraulic dampers
Question type: Note Completion
Answer location: Paragraph A, line 8
Answer explanation: The eighth line of paragraph A states that the installation of hydraulic dampers between the towers and the floor system was nullified because the dampers were compromised when the bridge was sandblasted before painting. We can deduce that the hydraulic dampers were placed (installed) between the tallest parts (towers and the floor system) of the structure and deck. So, the answer is hydraulic dampers.
17 Answer: longitudinal
Question type: Table Completion
Answer location: Paragraph B
Answer explanation: The initial line of paragraph B states that after opening, the bridge quickly acquired the fond nickname of “Galloping Gertie” because of the way it would roll in either side-to-side or lengthways movements known in physical terms as the longitudinal and transverse modes of vibration respectively. We understand that the bridge got a nickname after it was opened as it would roll side to side (moving repeatedly left and right) which in physical terms can be defined as longitudinal and transverse mode of vibration. Thus, the answer is longitudinal.
18 Answer: transverse
Question type: Table Completion
Answer location: Paragraph B
Answer explanation: Paragraph B illustrates that after opening, the bridge quickly acquired the fond nickname of “Galloping Gertie” because of the way it would roll in either side-to-side or lengthways movements known in physical terms as the longitudinal and transverse modes of vibration respectively. These lines reveal that the bridge would roll left to right in lengthwise movements which in physics is known as transverse mode of transverse mode of vibration. Thus, the answer is transverse.
19 Answer: butterfly
Question type: Table Completion
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 6
Answer explanation: We can understand from the 6th line of paragraph C that the bridge’s movements seemed to be more like a butterfly flapping its wings than a simple rolling motion. These lines reveal that the movement of the bridge is more like a butterfly flapping its wings than a simple rolling motion. So, the answer is butterfly.
20 Answer: aerostatic flutter
Question type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph D
Answer explanation: The introductory line of paragraph D illustrates that the torsional mode of vibration is a dying consequence of a set action known as aerostatic flutter. We understand that the torsional mode of vibration is actually the aerostatic flutter’s consequence. Thus, the answer is aerostatic flutter.
21 Answer: wind
Question type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph D, line 2
Answer explanation: The 2nd line of paragraph D states that the torsional mode of vibration involves several different elements of a structure oscillating from the effect of wind with each cycle of fluttering building more energy into the bridge’s movements and neutralizing any structural damping effects. We can deduce that the whole torsional mode of vibration happens due to the effect of wind as different parts individually start oscillating from the wind force. Thus, the answer is wind.
22 Answer: energy
Question type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph D, line 4
Answer explanation: The 4th line of paragraph D illustrates that as wind pumps in more energy than the structure can dissipate, the oscillations feed off each other to become progressively stronger. We understand that the force of wind keeps pumping more energy with each cycle into the bridge’s movement, where the oscillations feed off each other making it stronger. Thus, the answer is energy.
23 Answer: oscillations vibrations
Question type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph D, line 4
Answer explanation: The 4th line of paragraph D states that as the wind pumps in more energy than the structure can dissipate, and the oscillations feed off each other to become progressively stronger, the aerostatic flutter and torsional vibrations were all but assured to destroy the Tacoma Bridge. The fluttering had increased to such amplitude that the suspender cables were placed under excessive Strain. We understand that when wind pumps in, it builds more energy and that the oscillations feed off each other making it stronger. The aerostatic flutter and torsional vibrations assured to destroy the bridge because the fluttering refers to the oscillations which increase due to the more energy pumped in by the force of wind. Thus, the answer is Oscillation/Vibration.
24 Answer: strain
Question type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph D, line 6
Answer explanation: The 6th line of paragraph D illustrates that the fluttering had increased to such amplitude that the suspender cables were placed under excessive strain. We understand that oscillations intensify with each cycle, after which it reaches to a level where the suspender cables receive extreme Strain which leads to complete collapse. Thus, the answer is Strain.
25 Answer: B/D
Question type: Multiple Choice Question
Answer location: Paragraph E
Answer explanation: We find reference in Paragraph E, which states that Newspaper editor Leonard Coatsworth’s car was jammed against the curb in the centre of the bridge as he attempted to cross. Coatsworth tried to rescue his daughter’s cocker spaniel from the back seat but was unsuccessful, and fearing for his life, crawled and staggered to safety on his own. We understand that Leonard tried to rescue a dog which is his daughter’s cocker spaniel but couldn’t as he feared his life and crawled back. Thus, the answer is B.
26 Answer: B/D
Question type: Multiple Choice Question
Answer location: Paragraph E
Answer explanation: Paragraph E illustrates the fact that Newspaper editor Leonard Coatsworth’s car was jammed against the curb in the centre of the bridge as he attempted to cross. Coatsworth tried to rescue his daughter’s cocker spaniel from the back seat but was unsuccessful, and fearing for his life, crawled and staggered to safety on his own. We can deduce that Coatsworth’s car (vehicle) got crashed against the curb in the bridge’s centre when he tried to rescue his daughter’s dog, which is a cocker spaniel during the collapse. Thus, the answer is D.
Ebonics Reading Answers (Passage 3)
Questions 27-40
27 Answer: (trans-Atlantic) slave trade
Question type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph A, line 2
Answer explanation: Paragraph A states that Ebonics – also known by a host of other names such as African American Vemocular English, Black English, Black Vernacular, and so on — is an African-American language that has its roots in the trans-Atlantic slave trade, as African captives devised the means to communicate with each other and with their captors. We can deduce from these lines that Ebonics were also known by a lot of names which had its roots in the trans-Atlantic slave trade. So, it’s evident that Ebonics originated from the trans-Atlantic slave trade. So, the answer is trans-Atlantic slave trade.
28 Answer: their captors
Question type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph A, line 3
Answer explanation: We find reference in the 3rd line of paragraph A, which mentions that African-American language has its roots in the trans-Atlantic slave trade, as African captives devised the means to communicate with each other and with their captors. These lines indicate that the prisoners found a way to communicate with other enslaved Africans and their captors. So, the answer is captors.
29 Answer: (Southern) dialect
Question type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph A, line 4
Answer explanation: We understand from the 4th line of paragraph A that in the South of the United States, these Pan-African languages co-mingled with Standard English and the Southern dialect. These lines indicate that in the southern USA, several African languages mixed with English and the local southern dialect. So, the answer is Southern dialect.
30 Answer: (African – American) components
Question type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph A, line 5
Answer explanation: The 5th line of paragraph A states that many uniquely African American components have arisen over the last two centuries, and all of these influences have forged what is now known as Ebonics. We can understand that over the last two centuries, many distinctive African American Components arose to produce the Ebonics language of today. So, the answer is African American Components.
31 Answer: H
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph B
Answer explanation: The initial lines of Paragraph B reveals the debates around the nature of “Ebonics’’ in the United States, which came to ahead in 1996, where the Oakland Unified School District (OUSD) in California enacted Resolution 597-003, which officially recognized that African-American students “as part of their culture and history as African people possess and utilize a language”. Alternatively referred to as Ebonics (literally “black sounds”). These lines clearly indicate that in 1996, the OUSD passed a resolution declaring that as part of the Ebonies’ culture and history as African people possess and utilize a language, referred to as Ebonics. Thus, the answer is H.
32 Answer: C
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 2
Answer explanation: The 2nd line of paragraph C states that Linguistics professor John Rickford noted that Ebonics was not simply characterised by erroneous grammar and large slang vocabulary, but that underlying this language was a structured form and process of grammar and phonology that made English learning for Ebonics speakers far more complex a task than simply dropping bad habits. English teachers, Rickford counselled, must, therefore, accept and embrace these complexities. These lines illustrate that according to John Rickford, it was a good idea to teach standard English to the Ebonies to whom it felt like a complex task, so Rickford states that they should accept and embrace these complexities. Thus, the answer is C.
33 Answer: K
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph D
Answer explanation: The initial line of paragraph D states that the Linguistic Society of America (LSA) concurred with Rickford, adding that whether or not Ebonics should be defined as a dialect or a language does not matter in terms of its “validity”. While linguists studying Ebonics typically restrain from prescribing edicts in favour of tracking changes in form and style. We understand from these lines that LSA concurred with Rickford to decide if Ebonics should be defined as a dialect or a language which doesn’t matter in terms of its validity. While those linguists studying Ebonics restrain from prescribing edicts in tracking changes in form and style. Thus, the answer is K.
34 Answer: F
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph D, line 2
Answer explanation: The 2nd line of paragraph D states that linguists studying Ebonics typically restrain from prescribing edicts in favour of tracking changes in form and style, the LSA did point to the fact that speakers of Swedish and Norwegian can typically understand each other while conversing in different “languages”, whereas Mandarin and Cantonese speakers cannot understand each other’s “dialects” to conclude that spatial and social tensions, rather than strict linguistic criteria, were the crucial factors in defining these terms. These lines indicate that LSA highlighted that Swedish and Norwegian speakers can understand each other’s language while conversing whereas Mandarin and Cantonese speakers couldn’t understand each other’s dialect which resulted in social and spatial tensions (go-social relationship) rather than strict linguistic requirements which were vital factors to define these terms. Thus, the answer is F.
35 Answer: D
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph E, line 1
Answer explanation: The introductory line of paragraph E illustrates that for many others, however, the OUSD’s decision was tantamount to endorsing lazy, vulgar, and “broken” English — the equivalent, perhaps, of acknowledging “text-speak” or Internet slang as a valid form of expression. These lines reveal that many others considered OUSD’s decision as tantamount to endorsing lazy, vulgar, and broken English, the equivalent, perhaps of acknowledging the internet slang or text-speak as a valid form of expressions. Thus, the answer is D.
36 Answer: I
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph F, line 5
Answer explanation: Paragraph F discusses the notion of Psychology Professor Madonna Lewish. The 5th line of paragraph F states that a demeaning attitude can lead to social exclusion, teachers are suggested to think inductively and encourage Ebonics speakers to use and collaborate their way of speaking while understanding that the language of the workplace, and of academics, is Standard English. We understand that Ladonna argues that it is important for educators (teachers) to think inductively and encourage Ebonics speakers to use and collaborate their way of speaking while emphasizing the necessity of standard English for formal use. Thus, the answer is I.
37 Answer: A
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph F, line 8
Answer explanation: The 8th line of paragraph F states that Nobel Prize-winning journalist Toni Morrison has found a reciprocal, mutually enriching use for both Ebonics and Standard English. “There are certain ideas and ways of thinking I cannot say without recourse to my [Ebonics, language … I know Standard English. I want to use it to restore the other language, the lingua Franca.” We understand from these lines that Toni Morrison finds it important to use Ebonies in order to express specific concepts. Thus, the answer is A.
38 Answer: B
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph H
Answer explanation: Paragraph H illustrates that Ebonics should be treated as a black contribution to culture in the way that jazz and rock-and-roll have been welcomed — the new vocabulary and imagery has added to the American language rather than devalued it. These lines indicate that Ebonics should be treated as a black contribution to culture, and thus, it deserves to be considered as nothing less than a gift to American society. Hence, the answer is B.
39 Answer: D
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph G, line 2
Answer explanation: Paragraph G illustrates the Ebonics controversy. So, in the 2nd line of paragraph G, it is mentioned that journalist Joan Walsh thinks there are bask elements inherent in the dispute that people do not want to openly discuss. She considers that there is increasing resentment by black parents and teachers who see enormous amounts of federal and state support going into Asian and Latino bilingual programmes. We understand from these lines that there was a controversy related to Ebonics. Thus, it is evident that Ebonics is a matter of debate that reflects the rising multi-minority tensions and frustrations over funding issues. Thus, the answer is D.
40 Answer: F
Question type: Matching Sentence Endings
Answer location: Paragraph G, line 6
Answer explanation: In the 6th line of paragraph G, the author has raised a question, why should immigrant children get English-language assistance as well as reinforcement of their own language and culture while native-born African-Americans get no such resources?. We understand that the question which was raised gives a view that many urban African-American children are restricted from the exposure of English language assistance and reinforcement of their own language culture, which is provided to the immigrant children. Thus, the answer is F.
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