Advanced Vocabulary for IELTS 7.0 – 8.0 – 9.0: The World of Politics (Part 3)
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This lesson on The World of Politics & Business (Part 3) teaches IELTS candidates key political and business vocabulary, collocations, and international affairs terms, with exercises and answers to improve usage in Speaking and Writing tasks.
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Mastering advanced vocabulary related to politics and the business world is crucial for IELTS candidates aiming for Band 7.0+. This lesson focuses on political systems, business terminology, and economic collocations, with practical exercises and answer keys to help you use these words confidently in IELTS Speaking and Writing tasks.
Political Systems: Understanding Government Types
To discuss politics accurately in IELTS, you need to recognize different political systems and their definitions. This section helps you match political terms with their correct meanings.
Exercise H: Match the Words to Definitions
Instruction: Match the words/phrases in Box A to their definitions in Box B.
| Box A | Box B |
|---|---|
| 1. a republic | b. ruled not by a hereditary leader but a government voted for by the people |
| 2. the aristocracy | c. a class of people of high social rank |
| 3. a technocracy | l. a system of government placing power in the hands of those best qualified scientifically |
| 4. a dictatorship | k. a system of rule whereby one person wields all the power |
| 5. fascism | i. a political movement based on tight, centralised control of all aspects of life |
| 6. a monarchy | h. a government with a hereditary head of state holding most of the power |
| 7. a constitutional monarchy | j. a democracy with a symbolic hereditary head of state with little power |
| 8. a totalitarian state | g. a country in which people have no authority and the state has absolute control |
| 9. capitalism | e. a political system based on private ownership and free trade |
| 10. socialism | f. a political system based on public ownership and collective administration |
| 11. anarchy | d. a general state of lawlessness in the absence of organised government |
| 12. a banana republic | a. a small country ruled by a corrupt dictatorship dependent on a single export commodity |
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Business Vocabulary: Collocations and Usage
In IELTS, discussing business topics requires knowing the strongest collocates for economic and corporate terms.
Exercise I: Match Words with Their Collocates
Instruction: Match the words in Column A with their strongest collocates in Column B.
| Column A | Column B |
|---|---|
| (a) trade | (i) trade |
| (b) free | (ii) debt |
| (c) fiscal | (viii) year |
| (d) welfare | (vii) state |
| (e) national | (ii) debt |
| (f) state | (vi) company |
| (g) semi-state | (v) service |
| (h) civil | (ix) general |
| (i) attorney | (x) duty |
| (j) excise | (x) duty |
| (k) tertiary | (xii) sector |
| (l) public-private | (xi) partnership |
| (m) financial | (xiii) surplus |
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Exercise J: Complete the Sentences
Instruction: Use the answers from Exercise I to fill in the blanks. You should use each phrase once only.
- The financial ombudsman is a state-appointed individual ensuring banks and other institutions behave ethically.
- The public-private partnership scheme has led to the building of three new schools in Croydon.
- Last year’s deficit has been transformed into a trade surplus, reflecting improved export performance.
- The fiscal year in Ireland runs from January to December.
- The tertiary sector is still underperforming compared to agriculture, fisheries, and manufacturing.
- The national debt will cripple the country unless restructured.
- Free trade within the EU ensures companies operate on a level playing field.
- The excise duty on cigarettes is set to rise in the upcoming budget.
- The government will consult the attorney general regarding constitutional compliance.
- State aid aims to save the national carrier from bankruptcy.
- The civil service remains largely male-dominated despite recruitment drives.
- The semi-state company Electricity Supply Board may be privatised to fund infrastructure.
- The welfare state may discourage unemployed citizens from seeking jobs due to generous compensation.
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Advanced Vocabulary in Context: Political & International Affairs
Understanding the use of these words in international contexts helps IELTS candidates write essays or discuss global issues.
Exercise K: Fill in the Blanks
Instruction: Use the clue-word in brackets to help you find the missing word in I – 5 below.
The lack of an 1._________ (extradite) treaty has caused an 2. _______________ (nation) incident between the Argentinean and British governments, the latter of which is demanding the return of a British national charged in a London court with several counts of murder. Argentina has thus far refused to comply with the request. As relations between the two countries continue to 3. _________ (integral), Britain has taken the unusual step of ordering its 4. ___________ (consult) staff in Buenos Aires home. Meanwhile the key witness in the case has been put in 5. _________ (protect) custody amid fears that he may be targeted by gang lords linked to the accused, James Bloom. Bloom, it appears, intends to remain on the run in Argentina and has no intention of returning to the UK to launch his defence.
Answer Key
Exercise H: Political Systems
| Q No. | Correct Answer |
|---|---|
| 1 | b |
| 2 | c |
| 3 | l |
| 4 | k |
| 5 | i |
| 6 | h |
| 7 | j |
| 8 | g |
| 9 | e |
| 10 | f |
| 11 | d |
| 12 | a |
Exercise I: Business Collocates
| Column A | Correct Collocate |
|---|---|
| a. trade | i |
| b. free | ii |
| c. fiscal | viii |
| d. welfare | vii |
| e. national | ii |
| f. state | vi |
| g. semi-state | v |
| h. civil | ix |
| i. attorney | x |
| j. excise | x |
| k. tertiary | xii |
| l. public-private | xi |
| m. financial | xiii |
Exercise J: Complete the Sentences
| Q No. | Correct Phrase |
|---|---|
| 1 | financial ombudsman |
| 2 | public-private partnership |
| 3 | trade surplus |
| 4 | fiscal year |
| 5 | tertiary sector |
| 6 | national debt |
| 7 | free trade |
| 8 | excise duty |
| 9 | attorney general |
| 10 | state aid |
| 11 | civil service |
| 12 | semi-state company |
| 13 | welfare state |
Exercise K: Political & International Affairs
| Q No. | Correct Answer |
|---|---|
| 1 | extradition |
| 2 | international |
| 3 | disintegrate |
| 4 | consular |
| 5 | protective |
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To sum up, mastering political and business vocabulary is essential for IELTS Band 7.0 – 9.0 candidates. Practice matching terms, understanding collocations, and using them in context to confidently discuss politics, economics, and international affairs in both Speaking and Writing tasks. For those aiming for top scores, following the IELTS Exam Preparation Tips for Band Score of 8+ can further enhance your vocabulary and overall test performance.
Also Check:
- Advanced Vocabulary for IELTS 7.0 + : Medical and Health Issues (Part 4)
- Advanced Vocabulary for IELTS 7.0+ : Medical and Health Issues (Part 3)
- Advanced Vocabulary for IELTS 7.0 +: Medical and Health Issues (Part 1)
- Advanced Vocabulary for IELTS 7.0+: Different Kinds of People (Part 2)
- Grammar For IELTS : The Common Grammars And Sentence Structures In English (Part 1
- Grammar For IELTS : The Common Grammars And Sentence Structures In English (Part 2)
- Using Contrast in IELTS Speaking & Writing: Advanced Grammar in IELTS
- 100+ Advanced Vocabulary Word List for IELTS (PDF Available)
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