Ants Could Teach Ants, Wealth in a cold climate, Compliance or Noncompliance for children – Reading Answers
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You will have 60 minutes to complete IELTS Academic Reading, which consists of 40 questions in total. To make that possible, you have to regularly practice IELTS Reading practice tests along with passages like ‘Ants Could Teach Ants‘, ‘Wealth in a cold climate’ and ‘Compliance or Noncompliance for Children’.
The types of question given in this reading test are:
- IELTS Reading Matching Features
- IELTS Reading Multiple-Choice Questions
- True/False/Not Given IELTS Reading
- IELTS Reading Matching Headings to Paragraph
- IELTS Reading Summary Completion
Set your timer and take the test now!
Section 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on the Reading Passage below.
Find the reading passage with the Ants Could Teach Ants PDF here.
Ants Could Teach Ants
Questions 1-5
Look at the following statements (Questions 1-5) and the list of people in the box below. Match each statement with the correct person, A, B, C or D.
Write the correct letter, A, B,C or D, in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet
NB You may use any letter more than once.
1 Animals could use objects to locate food.
2 Ants show two-way, interactive teaching behaviours.
3 It is risky to say ants can teach other ants as human beings do,
4 Ant leadership makes finding food faster.
5 Communication between ants is not entirely teaching.
| List of people
A Nigel Franks B Marc Hauser C Tim Caro D Bennet Galef Jr |
Questions 6-9
Choose FOUR letters, A-H.
Write your answers in boxes 6-9 on your answer sheet.
Which FOUR of the following behaviours of animals are mentioned in the passage?
A touch each other with antenna
B alert others when there is danger
C escape from predators
D protect the young
E hunt food for the young
F fight with each other
F use tools like twigs
G feed on a variety of foods
Questions 10-13
Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 10-13 on your answer sheet, write
| TRUE | if the statement is true |
| FALSE | if the statement is false |
| NOT GIVEN | if the information is not given in the passage |
10 Ants,’ tandem running involves only one-way communication.
11 Franks’s theory got many supporters immediately after publicity.
12 Ants’ teaching behaviour is the same as that of human.
13 Cheetah share hunting gains to younger ones
Section 2
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on the Reading Passage below.
Find the reading passage with the Wealth in a Cold Climate PDF here.
Wealth in a Cold Climate
Questions 14-20
The reading passage has seven paragraphs, A-G
Choose the correct heading for paragraphs A-G from the list below.
Write the correct number, i-x, in boxes 14-20 on your answer sheet.
List of Headings
- The positive correlation between climate and wealth
- Other factors besides climate that influence wealth
- Inspiration from reading a book
- Other researchers’ results do not rule out exceptional cases
- different attributes between Eurasia and Africa
- Low-temperature benefits people and crops
- The importance of the institution in traditional views.
- The spread of crops in Europe, Asia and other places
- The best way to use aid
- confusions and exceptional
14 Paragraph A
15 Paragraph B
16 Paragraph C
17 Paragraph D
18 Paragraph E
19 Paragraph F
20 Paragraph G
Questions 21-26
Summary
Complete the following summary of the paragraphs of Reading Passage, using no more than two words from the Reading Passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 21-26 on your answer sheet.
Dr. William Master read a book saying that a(an) 21 ………………………….. which struck an American city of years ago was terminated by a frost. And academics found that there is a connection between climate and country’s wealth as in the rich but small country of 22……………………….; Yet besides excellent surroundings and climate, one country still need to improve their 23…………………………….. to achieve long prosperity,
Thanks to resembling weather condition across latitude in the continent of 24………………….. ’crops such as 25 ………………….. is bound to spread faster than from South America to the North. Other researchers also noted that even though geographical factors are important, a tropical country such as 26………………………………. still became rich due to scientific advancement.
Section 3
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on the Reading Passage below.
Find the reading passage with the Compliance or Noncompliance for Children PDF here.
Compliance or Noncompliance for children
Questions 27-31
Choose the correct letter, A, B，C or D.
Write the correct letter in boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet,
27 The children, especially boys who received good education may
A always comply with their parents, words.
B be good at math
C have a high score at school
D disobey their parents’ order sometimes
28 Face to their children’s compliance and noncompliance, parents
A must be aware of the compliance
B ask for help from their teachers
C some of them may ignore their noncompliance
D pretend not to see
29 According to Henry Porter noncompliance for children
A are entirely harmful
B may have positive effects
C needs medicine assistance
D should be treated by an expert doctor
30 When children are growing up. they
A always try to directly say no
B are more skillful to negotiate
C learn to cheat instead of noncompliance
D tend to keep silent
31 Which is the possible reaction the passage mentioned for elder children and younger ones if they don’t want to comply with the order
A elder children prefer to refuse directly
B elder ones refuse to answer
C younger children may reject directly
D younger ones may save any words
Questions 32-35
Look at the following people and list of statements below.
Match each person with the correct statement.
Write the correct letter A-G in boxes 32-35 on your answer sheet.
32 Henry Porter
33 Wallace Friesen
34 Steven Walson
35 Paul Edith
|
List of Statements |
|
|
Questions 36-40
Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage? In boxes 36-40 on your answer sheet, write
| TRUE | if the statement is true |
| FALSE | if the statement is false |
| NOT GIVEN | if the information is not given in the passage |
36 Socialization takes a long process, while compliance is the beginning of it.
37 Many parents were difficult to be aware of compliance or noncompliance.
38 Noncompliant Children are simple to deal with the relationship with the people of the same age when they are growing up.
39 Experts never tried drilling compliance into children.
40 Psychologist Paul Edith negated the importance that knowing how to praise children encouragingly.
Answer Keys
Now it’s time to check the answers to the above questions from the passages – ‘Ants Could Teach Ants’, ‘Wealth in a cold climate’ and ‘Compliance or Noncompliance for Children’. – and improve your reading skills for a better IELTS band score.
Reading Passage 1
1. Answer: C
Question Type: Matching Information
Answer location: Paragraph F, last line
Answer explanation: Tim Caro, a zoologist, presented two cases of animal communication in paragraph F “in another instance, birds watching other birds using a stick to locate food such as insects and so on, are observed to do the same thing themselves while finding food later.” Animals could use objects to locate food (birds using a stick to locate food).
2. Answer: A
Question Type: Matching Information
Answer location: Paragraph B, line 1
Answer explanation: If you read thoroughly, a line in the said paragraph discusses that “tandem running is an example of teaching, to our knowledge the first in a non-human animal, that involves bidirectional feedback between teacher and pupil,” remarks Nigel Franks, professor of animal behavior and ecology. Hence, it confirms that Nigel Franks suggests that ants show two-way, interactive teaching behaviours by giving and receiving bidirectional feedback between teacher and pupil.
3. Answer: D
Question Type: Matching Information
Answer location: Paragraph I, last line
Answer explanation: Bennett Galef Jr, a psychologist who studies animal behaviour and social learning at McMaster University in Canada, “warned that scientists may be barking up the wrong tree when they look not only for examples of humanlike behaviour among other animals but humanlike thinking that underlies such behaviour. Animals may behave in ways similar to humans without a similar cognitive system, he said, so the behaviour is not necessarily a good guide into how humans came to think the way they do.” Hence, according to Galef Jr, ants have human-like behaviour, but the cognitive system is not necessarily the same. Therefore, it is risky to say ants can teach other ants as human beings do.
4. Answer: A
Question Type: Matching Information
Answer location: Paragraph D, line 1
Answer explanation: “Franks took a further study and found that there were even races between leaders. With the guidance of leaders, ants could find food faster.” The given reference line makes us comprehend that it is Nigel Franks who said ant leadership makes finding food faster.
5. Answer: B
Question Type: Matching Information
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 2
Answer explanation: Paragraph C puts forward the information that “Marc Hauser, a psychologist, and biologist and one of the scientists who came up with the definition of teaching, said it was unclear whether the ants had learned a new skill or merely acquired new information.” Hence, communication between ants is not entirely teaching because it was unclear whether the ants had learned a new skill or merely acquired new information.
6. Answer: A (A,B,E,F : in any order)
Question Type: Multiple Choice Questions
Answer location: Paragraph A, line 4
Answer explanation: In the reference paragraph, the author mentions that “once a follower got its bearings, it tapped the leader with its antennas, prompting the lesson to proceed to the next step.” It is one of the animal behavior that is discussed in the passage that animals touch each other with antennas (leader with its antenna).
7. Answer: B (A,B,E,F : in any order)
Question Type: Multiple Choice Questions
Answer location: Paragraph E, line 3
Answer explanation: Information in paragraph E indicates that “consider a species, for example, that uses alarm calls to warn fellow members about the presence. Sounding the alarm can be costly, because the animal may draw the attention of the predator to itself.” Another behavior of animals that is discussed in this passage is their ability to use alarm calls to warn (alert) fellow members about the presence of the predator (danger).
8. Answer: E (A,B,E,F : in any order)
Question Type: Multiple Choice Questions
Answer location: Paragraph F, line 2
Answer explanation: Few lines in the said paragraph discuss that “he found that cheetah mothers that take their cubs along on hunts gradually allow their cubs to do more of the hunting —going, for example, from killing a gazelle and allowing young cubs to eat merely tripping the gazelle and letting the cubs finish it off.” According to the information, cheetah mothers take their young ones to hunt and let them eat merely by tripping the victim. Hence, mother cheetahs hunt food for their young ones and allow them to distribute and eat among themselves.
9. Answer: F (A,B,E,F : in any order)
Question Type: Multiple Choice Questions
Answer location: Paragraph F, last line
Answer explanation: In the said paragraph, you can find out that “in another instance, birds watching other birds using a stick to locate food such as insects and so on.” The term twig means a stick or steam. Hence, we can deduce that one of the behaviour of animals such as birds is that they use sticks (twig) to locate food.
10. Answer: FALSE
Question Type: True/False/Not Given Questions
Answer location: Paragraph B, line 1
Answer explanation: The opening line of paragraph B suggests that “tandem running is an example of teaching, to our knowledge the first in a non-human animal, that involves bidirectional feedback between teacher and pupil.” Bidirectional means two-way communication. Hence, the statement contradicts the information in the passage.
11. Answer: NOT GIVEN
Question Type: True/False/Not Given Questions
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 1
Answer explanation: It is mentioned in paragraph C that “no sooner was the paper published, of course, than another educator questioned it.” However, it is not given that Franks’s theory got many supporters immediately after publicity.
12. Answer: NOT GIVEN
Question Type: True/False/Not Given Questions
Answer location: Paragraph I, line 3
Answer explanation: At the beginning of paragraph I, it is given that “He warned that scientists may be barking up the wrong tree when they look not only for examples of humanlike behaviour among other animals but humanlike thinking that underlies such behaviour. Animals may behave in ways similar to humans without a similar cognitive system, he said, so the behaviour is not necessarily a good guide into how humans came to think the way they do.” Ants might have similar behaviour as humans, but their cognitive (mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding)behaviour might not be the same as that of humans. So we cannot conclude whether their teaching behaviour is same as human beings.
13. Answer: TRUE
Question Type: True/False/Not Given Questions
Answer location: Paragraph F, line 2
Answer explanation: In the said paragraph, you can find out that “he found that cheetah mothers that take their cubs along on hunts gradually allow their cubs to do more of the hunting —going, for example, from killing a gazelle and allowing young cubs to eat merely tripping the gazelle and letting the cubs finish it off.” Hence, we can deduce that cheetahs share hunting gains with younger ones by allowing young cubs to eat merely by tripping the gazelle.
Reading Passage 2
14. Answer: iii
Question Type: Matching Headings
Answer location: Paragraph A, line 1
Answer explanation: You can note the paraphrasing here. In the passage, it states that “Dr. William Masters was reading a book about mosquitoes when inspiration struck.” Since Dr. William was reading a book on mosquitoes and an inspirational thought occured to him. Hence, the appropriate heading for this passage would be inspired by reading a book.
15. Answer: vi
Question Type: Matching Headings
Answer location: Paragraph B, last line
Answer explanation: Few lines in the said paragraph convey that “the pair speculates that cold snaps have two main benefits — they freeze pests that would otherwise destroy crops and also freeze organisms, such as mosquitoes, that carry disease. The result is agricultural abundance a big workforce.” This passage seems to discuss the benefits of low (cold) temperatures for people and crops by highlighting how cold snaps have two main benefits.
16. Answer: i
Question Type: Matching Headings
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 4
Answer explanation: If you read thoroughly, there’s a line in the said paragraph that describes “countries having five or more frosty days a month are uniformly rich; those with fewer than five are impoverished. The authors speculate that the five-day figure is important; it could be the minimum time needed to kill pests in the soil.” This passage appears to discuss the positive correlation between climate and wealth by mentioning that frosty days a month make a country rich.
17. Answer: ii
Question Type: Matching Headings
Answer location: Paragraph D, line 1
Answer explanation: The opening line of paragraph D mentions that “masters stresses that climate will never be the overriding factor 一 the wealth of nations is too complicated to be attributable to just one factor. Climate, he feels, somehow combines with other factors — such as the presence of institutions, including governments, and access to trading routes — to determine whether a country will do well.” Hence, wealth of nations is too complicated to be attributable to just one factor. This para informs us about other factors besides climate that influence wealth.
18. Answer: ix
Question Type: Matching Headings
Answer location: Paragraph E, line 3
Answer explanation: If you read thoroughly, there’s a line that claims “instead of aid being geared towards improving governance, it should be spent on technology to improve agriculture and to combat disease.” Here the author suggests that the best way to use aid (help) is by using it to improve agriculture and fight the disease.
19. Answer: v
Question Type: Matching Headings
Answer location: Paragraph F, line 3
Answer explanation: The answer is clearly mentioned in the said paragraph and line. In the passage, it is said that “Jared Diamond, from the University of California at Los Angeles, pointed out in his book Guns, Germs and Steel that Eurasia is broadly aligned east-west, while Africa and the Americas are aligned north-south.” Since Eurasia is aligned in east-west and Africa is in north-south, can we say that the appropriate title for the passage would be different attributes between Eurasia and Africa.
20. Answer: iv
Question Type: Matching Headings
Answer location: Paragraph G, last line
Answer explanation: The last line of paragraph G suggests that “but Masters cautions against geographical determinism, the idea that tropical countries are beyond hope: Human health and agriculture can be made better through scientific and technological research, he says, so we shouldn’t be writing off these countries.” The researchers’ results do not rule out exceptional cases by stating that we shouldn’t be writing off these countries.
21. Answer: (yellow fever) epidemic
Question Type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph A, line 2
Answer explanation: In the said paragraph, you can refer to, “dr.William Masters was reading a book about mosquitoes when inspiration struck. There was this anecdote about the great yellow fever epidemic that hit Philadelphia in 1793.” Here, Dr. William Masters read a book that talks about the great yellow fever epidemic.
22. Answer: Finland
Question Type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 6
Answer explanation: The entire sentence has been paraphrased here. In the passage, it states that “Masters says: for example, Finland is a small country that is growing quickly, but Bolivia is a small country that isn’t growing at all. Perhaps climate has something to do with that.” Hence, a small rich country is Finland.
23. Answer: governing institutions
Question Type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph D, last line
Answer explanation: A line in the said paragraph infers that “my feeling is that, as countries get richer, they get better institutions. And the accumulation of wealth and improvement in governing institutions are both helped by a favourable environment, including climate.” It implies that a country is required to improve its governing institutions.
24. Answer: Europe
Question Type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph F, line 4
Answer explanation: Paragraph F puts forward the information that “so, in Europe, crops can spread quickly across latitudes because climates are similar.” Hence, the entire continent of Europe has similar (resembling) weather conditions.
25. Answer: Einkorn Wheat
Question Type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph F, line 5
Answer explanation: If you read thoroughly, a line in the passage specifies “one of the first domesticated crops, einkorn wheat, spread quickly from the Middle East into Europe; it took twice as long for corn to spread from Mexico to what is now the eastern United States.” Hence, einkorn wheat spread quickly (faster).
26. Answer: Singapore
Question Type: Summary Completion
Answer location: Paragraph C, last line
Answer explanation: If you observe, in the said paragraph to the fact that “there are exceptions to the “cold equals rich” argument. There are well-heeled tropical countries such as Hong Kong and Singapore (both city-states, Masters notes), a result of their superior trading positions. Likewise, not all European countries axe moneyed — in the former communist colonies, the economic potential was crushed by politics.” Hence, a tropical country such as Singapore still became rich due to scientific advancement (superior trading positions).
Reading Passage 3
27. Answer: D
Question Type: Multiple Choice Questions
Answer location: Paragraph B, line 1
Answer explanation: The opening line of paragraph B suggests that “a number of parents were not easy to be aware of the compliance, some even overlooked their children’s noncompliance. Despite good education, these children did not follow the words from their parents on several occasion ‘especially boys in certain ages.” Hence, we can infer that the term “children did not follow the words from their parents on several occasions” has been paraphrased to “may disobey their parents’ order sometimes”.
28. Answer: C
Question Type: Multiple Choice Questions
Answer location: Paragraph B, line 1
Answer explanation: If you read thoroughly, a line in the passage specifies that “a number of parents were not easy to be aware of the compliance, some even overlooked their children’s noncompliance.” Hence, we can conclude some of the parents may ignore (overlook) their noncompliance.
29. Answer: B
Question Type: Multiple Choice Questions
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 5
Answer explanation: If you observe, in the said paragraph Henry Proter said, “he indicated that noncompliance means growth in some way, may have benefit for children. Many Experts held different viewpoints in recent years, they tried drilling compliance into children.” Noncompliance can also mean growth and it may have positive effects.
30. Answer: B
Question Type: Multiple Choice Questions
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 1
Answer explanation: If you read thoroughly, there’s a line in the said paragraph that describes “noncompliant Children sometimes prefer to say no directly as they were younger, they are easy to deal with the relationship with contemporaries when they are growing up. During the period that children are getting elder, who may learn to use more advanced approaches for their noncompliance.” Since growing children can learn to improve their approches (methods), it signifies that they become more skillful to negotiate.
31. Answer: C
Question Type: Multiple Choice Questions
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 1
Answer explanation: The reference line from paragraph E suggests that “Noncompliant Children sometimes prefer to say no directly as they were younger,” Hence, the possible reaction can be expected from elder children and younger one is a direct no, if they don’t want to comply with the order.
32. Answer: B
Question Type: Matching Features
Answer location: Paragraph C, last line
Answer explanation: Few lines in the said paragraph convey that “noncompliant Children sometimes prefer to say no directly as they were younger, they are easy to deal with the relationship with contemporaries. when they are growing up. During the period that children are getting elder, who may learn to use more advanced approaches for their noncompliance. They are more skillful to negotiate or give reasons for refusal rather than show their opposite idea to parents directly/’ Said Henry Porter, a scholar working in the Psychology Institute of UK. He indicated that noncompliance means growth in some way, may have benefit for children.” Hence we can infer that growing children/elderly children will negotiate rather than opposing ideas.
33. Answer: E
Question Type: Matching Features
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 7
Answer explanation: “His collaborator Wallace Friesen believed that Organizing a child’s daily activities so that they occur in the same order each day as much as possible. This first strategy for defiant children is ultimately the most important. Developing a routine helps a child to know what to expect and increases the chances that he or she will comply with things such as chores, homework, and hygiene requests.” The given line suggests that developing a routine (daily activity) in a similar manner can help increase the chances of children complying with chores, homework, and hygiene activities.
34. Answer: D
Question Type: Matching Features
Answer location: Paragraph D, line 1
Answer explanation: If you read thoroughly, there’s a line that claims “doctor Steven Walson addressed that organizing fun activities to occur after frequently refused activities works as a positive reinforcer.” Hence, Steven Walson in the passage mentions that organizing fun activities to occur after frequently refused activities works as a positive reinforcer.
35. Answer: F
Question Type: Matching Features
Answer location: Paragraph D, line 1
Answer explanation: A line in the passage mentions that “psychologist Paul Edith insisted praise is the best way to make children comply with.” Hence, it is Paul Edith who claims that praise makes children compliant.
36. Answer: TRUE
Question Type: True/False/Not Given Questions
Answer location: Paragraph A, line 1
Answer explanation: The author in reference paragraph mentions that “many Scientists believe that socialization takes a long process, while compliance is the outset of it.” Hence, the statement agrees with the information given in the passage.
37. Answer: TRUE
Question Type: True/False/Not Given Questions
Answer location: Paragraph B, line 1
Answer explanation: If you read clearly it is given that “a number of parents were not easy to be aware of the compliance， some even overlooked their children’s noncompliance. Despite good education, these children did not follow the words from their parents on several occasion ‘especially boys in certain ages. Fortunately, this rate was acceptable; some parents could be patient with the noncompliance. Someone held that noncompliance is probably not a wrong thing.” Hence, it is true that many parents were difficult to be aware ( not easy to be aware) of compliance or (some even overlooked) noncompliance.
38. Answer: TRUE
Question Type: True/False/Not Given Questions
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 1
Answer explanation: Paragraph C puts forward the information that “non-compliant children sometimes prefer to say no directly as they were younger, they are easy to deal with the relationship with contemporaries. when they are growing up.” The term “easy to deal” has been paraphrased to “simple to deal” in a statement and the term contemporaries mean a person or thing living or existing at the same time as another (people of the same age).
39. Answer: FALSE
Question Type: True/False/Not Given Questions
Answer location: Paragraph C, line 6
Answer explanation: In the said paragraph, you can point out that “many Experts held different viewpoints in recent years, they tried drilling compliance into children. His collaborator Wallace Friesen believed that Organizing a child’s daily activities so that they occur in the same order each day as much as possible.” Here, it confirms that experts have tried drilling compliance into children.
40. Answer: FALSE
Question Type: True/False/Not Given Questions
Answer location: Paragraph E, line 1
Answer explanation: A line in the said paragraph infers that “psychologist Paul Edith insisted praise is the best way to make children comply with. This is probably a common term you are used to hearing by now.” Hence, it confirms that Paul Edith insisted on praise and not negated.
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