Pollution due to Urbanization – IELTS Writing Task 2

Pollution due to Urbanization. Do you agree or disagree?

Outline

Essay Type

Opinion Essay

Introduction

Sentence 1&2 – Introduce the topic.

Sentence 3 – I agree with the notion of the essay.

Body Paragraphs

Paragraph 1 – Human beings have exploited natural resources to fulfil their needs.

Paragraph 2 – urbanization also has an impact on the health of the masses, in addition to its environmental impact.

Conclusion

Sum up the points discussed in the essay.

Sample Essay

In today’s society, pollution is one of the most pressing issues. Our environment is deteriorating at an alarming rate, posing a great challenge for humans. The urbanization of the world has been cited as a source of pollution, and I completely agree with this opinion.

The increasing sense of prosperity and job opportunities in cities attracts people. Globally, 50% of the population already lives in cities. As the urban population is increasing, ample space is necessary for buildings, roads, and bridges. Massive deforestation is arising as a result. A growing population called for the cutting of trees, the clearing of fields, and increased space. Evidently, cutting trees contributes to pollution. As a result of the high density of population, natural resources like water, coal, etc. are becoming scarce. Air and water quality are worsened. There is insufficient water, waste disposal issues are exacerbated, and the energy consumption is high. Sadly, urbanization has posed a challenge to the ability of many valleys, mountains, hill stations, and forests to prevent the pollution of these natural locales. Increasingly, human beings have exploited mother earth to fulfill their needs.

The WHO says that urbanization also has an impact on the health of the masses, in addition to its environmental impact. Considering it causes more than 9 million deaths worldwide annually, air pollution from anthropogenic sources is one of the biggest health risks worldwide. In addition to that, the health hazards that come from the soil, water, noise, and radioactive pollution are also numerous.

Nevertheless, some cite the argument that pollution is a global problem that’s not just confined to urban areas. But studies in sparsely populated areas showed that they are less polluted and have a healthier lifestyle.

In conclusion, urbanization is one of the main factors contributing to natural resource depletion. Pollution levels in cities and towns are high because of the constant deterioration of our mother earth.

Vocabulary

• Pressing issues

Meaning: Problem, need, or issue has to be dealt with immediately.
Eg: Rising level of unemployment is the pressing issue of our county.

• Deteriorating-

Meaning: to become worse
Eg: The political tension is deteriorating into a civil war.

• Evidently 

Meaning: clearly; that can be easily seen or understood
Eg: Evidently, he no longer has the strength to fight back.

• Exacerbated

Meaning: to make something worse, especially a disease or problem
Eg: Her presence exacerbated the whole situation.

• Anthropogenic

Meaning: originating in human activity.
Eg: The overwhelming evidence points to the reality of anthropogenic global warming.

• Hazards-

Meaning: a source or a situation with the potential for harm
Eg: The sign indicated it was hazardous.

• Cite

Meaning: to quote or refer to in substantiation as an authority, proof, or example.
Eg: H cited a passage from the principal’s speech.

• Confined

Meaning: very small, or to stay within the limits of something
Eg: He was confined to jail for ten years.

• Sparsely populated

Meaning an area that contains few people.
Eg: The Atlantics are sparsely populated

• Depletion

Meaning to decrease seriously or exhaust the abundance or supply of
Eg: The fire depleted the flora and fauna of the forest.

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