The Growth Of Bike - Sharing Schemes Around The World IELTS Reading Answers

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The Growth Of Bike – Sharing Schemes Around The World IELTS Reading Passage

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on the Reading Passage below. 

How Dutch engineer Luud Schimmelpennink helped to devise urban bike-sharing schemes.

1. The original idea for an urban bike-sharing scheme dates back to a summer’s day in Amsterdam in 1965. Provo, the organization that came up with the idea, was a group of Dutch activists who wanted to change society. They believed the scheme, which was known as the Witte Fietsenplan, was an answer to the perceived threats of air pollution and consumerism. In the center of Amsterdam, they painted a small number of used bikes white. They also distributed leaflets describing the dangers of cars and inviting people to use the white bikes. The bikes were then left unlocked at various locations around the city, to be used by anyone in need of transport.
2. Luud Schimmelpennink, a Dutch industrial engineer who still lives and cycles in Amsterdam, was heavily involved in the original scheme. He recalls how the scheme succeeded in attracting a great deal of attention - particularly when it came to publicizing Provo’s aims - but struggled to get off the ground. The police were opposed to Provo’s initiatives and almost as soon as the white bikes were distributed around the city, they removed them. However, for Schimmelpennink and for bike-sharing schemes in general, this was just the beginning. ‘The first Witte Fietsenplan was just a symbolic thing,’ he says. ‘We painted a few bikes white, that was all. Things got more serious when I became a member of the Amsterdam city council two years later.’
3. Schimmelpennink seized this opportunity to present a more elaborate Witte Fietsenplan to the city council. ‘My idea was that the municipality of Amsterdam would distribute 10,000 white bikes over the city, for everyone to use,’ he explains. ‘I made serious calculations. It turned out that a white bicycle - per person, per kilometer - would cost the municipality only 10% of what it contributed to public transport per person per kilometer.’ Nevertheless, the council unanimously rejected the plan. ‘They said that the bicycle belongs to the past. They saw a glorious future for the car,’ says Schimmelpennink. But he was not in the least discouraged.
4. Schimmelpennink never stopped believing in bike-sharing, and in the mid-90s, two Danes asked for his help to set up a system in Copenhagen. The result was the world’s first large-scale bike-share program. It worked on a deposit: ‘You dropped a coin in the bike and when you returned it, you got your money back.’ After setting up the Danish system, Schimmelpennink decided to try his luck again in the Netherlands - and this time he succeeded in arousing the interest of the Dutch Ministry of Transport. ‘Times had changed,’ he recalls. ‘People had become more environmentally conscious, and the Danish experiment had proved that bike-sharing was a real possibility.’ A new Witte Fietsenplan was launched in 1999 in Amsterdam. However, riding a white bike was no longer free; it cost one guilder per trip and payment was made with a chip card developed by the Dutch bank Postbank. Schimmelpennink designed conspicuous, sturdy white bikes locked in special racks which could be opened with the chip card - the plan started with 250 bikes, distributed over five stations.
5. Theo Molenaar, who was a system designer for the project, worked alongside Schimmelpennink. ‘I remember when we were testing the bike racks, he announced that he had already designed better ones. But of course, we had to go through with the ones we had.’ The system, however, was prone to vandalism and theft. ‘After every weekend there would always be a couple of bikes missing,’ Molenaar says.‘I really have no idea what people did with them because they could instantly be recognized as white bikes.’ But the biggest blow came when Postbank decided to abolish the chip card because it wasn’t profitable. ‘That chip card was pivotal to the system,’ Molenaar says. ‘To continue the project we would have needed to set up another system, but the business partner had lost interest.’
6. Schimmelpennink was disappointed, but - characteristically - not for long. In 2002 he got a call from the French advertising corporation JC Decaux, who wanted to set up his bike-sharing scheme in Vienna. ‘That went really well. After Vienna, they set up a system in Lyon. Then in 2007, Paris followed. That was a decisive moment in the history of bike-sharing.’ The huge and unexpected success of the Parisian bike-sharing program, which now boasts more than 20,000 bicycles, inspired cities all over the world to set up their own schemes, all modeled on Schimmelpennink’s. ‘It’s wonderful that this happened,’ he says. ‘But financially I didn’t really benefit from it, because I never filed for a patent.’
7. In Amsterdam today, 38% of all trips are made by bike and, along with Copenhagen, it is regarded as one of the two most cycle-friendly capitals in the world - but the city never got another Witte Fietsenplan. Molenaar believes this may be because everybody in Amsterdam already has a bike. Schimmelpennink, however, cannot see that this changes Amsterdam’s need for a bike-sharing scheme. ‘People who travel on the underground don’t carry their bikes around. But often they need additional transport to reach their final destination.’ Although he thinks it is strange that a city like Amsterdam does not have a successful bike-sharing scheme, he is optimistic about the future. ‘In the 60s we didn’t stand a chance because people were prepared to give their lives to keep cars in the city. But that mentality has totally changed. Today everybody longs for cities that are not dominated by cars.'

The Growth Of Bike – Sharing Schemes Around The World IELTS Reading Questions 

Questions 1-5

The Reading Passage has seven paragraphs, A-G. 
Which paragraph contains the following information?
Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.

NB     You may use any letter more than once.

1. a description of how people misused a bike-sharing scheme - ____
2. an explanation of why a proposed bike-sharing scheme was turned down - ____
3. a reference to a person being unable to profit from their work - ____
4. an explanation of the potential savings a bike-sharing scheme would bring - ____
5. a reference to the problems a bike-sharing scheme was intended to solve - ____

Questions 6-7

Choose TWO letters, A-E.
Write the correct letters in boxes 6 and 7 on your answer sheet.

Which TWO of the following statements are made in the text about the Amsterdam bike-sharing scheme of 1999?

1. It was initially opposed by a government department.
2. It failed when a partner in the scheme withdrew support.
3. It aimed to be more successful than the Copenhagen scheme.
4. It was made possible by a change in people’s attitudes.
5. It attracted interest from a range of bike designers.

Questions 8-9

Choose TWO letters, A-E.
Write the correct letters in boxes 8 and 9 on your answer sheet.

Which TWO of the following statements are made in the text about Amsterdam today?

A. The majority of residents would like to prevent all cars from entering the city.

B. There is little likelihood of the city having another bike-sharing scheme.

C. More trips in the city are made by bike than by any other form of transport.

D. A bike-sharing scheme would benefit residents who use public transport.

E. The city has a reputation as a place that welcomes cyclists.

Questions 10-13

Complete the summary below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 10-13 on your answer sheet.

The first urban bike-sharing scheme

The first bike-sharing scheme was the idea of the Dutch group Provo. The people who belonged to this group were 10. ______________. They were concerned about damage to the environment and about 11. _________________, and believed that the bike-sharing scheme would draw attention to these issues. As well as painting some bikes white, they handed out 12. ______________ that condemned the use of cars.

However, the scheme was not a great success: almost as quickly as Provo left the bikes around the city, the 13. _______________ took them away. According to Schimmelpennink, the scheme was intended to be symbolic. The idea was to get people thinking about the issues.

The Growth Of Bike – Sharing Schemes Around The World IELTS Reading Answer with Explanation

Let’s now review the answers to the questions from the passage in the reading section, The Growth Of Bike - Sharing Schemes Around The World IELTS Reading Answers, and assess your improvement for a high IELTS Reading band score.

Tips to Ace The Growth Of Bike – Sharing Schemes Around The World IELTS Reading Answers

Let us check out some quick IELTS Exam Preparation Tips for Band Score of 8+ to answer the types of questions in the Reading Answers. 

Matching Paragraph Information

• Scan for keywords (names, numbers, dates, unique terms) before reading the paragraphs.
• Underline synonyms in the questions—matching tasks heavily use paraphrasing.
• Read paragraphs selectively, not fully—focus on the first and last two sentences.
• Look for specific details, not main ideas.
• One question = one paragraph, so eliminate paragraphs already used.

Matching Features

• Create a quick table with names/features on one side and key traits on the other.
• Identify each feature’s “unique clue”, such as a date, opinion, or verb.
• Match ideas, not words, because this task uses heavy paraphrasing.
• Read all options before answering, because some may be similar.
• Use elimination—cross out used or irrelevant options to avoid confusion.

Summary Completion

• Predict the missing word type (noun, verb, adjective) before checking options.
• Scan the passage for the summary topic, usually found in one or two paragraphs.
• Watch grammar carefully—the sentence must remain grammatically correct.
• Look for synonyms, not exact words from the text.
• If options are given, eliminate those that are grammatically incorrect or not logically related.

Practising passages like “The Growth Of Bike - Sharing Schemes Around The World IELTS Reading Answers” helps you strengthen key reading skills, manage time effectively, and tackle different question types with confidence. Regular practice with answers and explanations will improve your accuracy and boost your IELTS Reading score. Keep practising with more IELTS Reading Recent Actual Tests  and answers on IELTSMaterial.com to improve your speed, accuracy, and overall performance.

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