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Running On Empty IELTS Reading Answers
The Academic passage ‘Running On Empty’ is a reading passage that appeared in an IELTS Test. Read the passage below and answer questions 1 – 13. Beyond the questions, you will find the answers along with the location of the answers in the passage and the keywords that help you find out the answers.
Running On Empty
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| Question number | Answer | Keywords | Location of keywords |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | iii | For almost a century, scientists have presumed, not unreasonably, that fatigue – or exhaustion in athletes originates in the muscles. | Paragraph A;
Line 1 |
| 2 | vi | The essence of their new theory is that the brain, using a mix of physiological, subconscious and conscious cues, paces the muscles to keep them well back from the brink of exhaustion. | Paragraph B;
Line 4 |
| 3 | ii | But when research subjects exercise in conditions simulating high altitude, they become fatigued even though lactic acid levels remain low. | Paragraph C;
Line 3 |
| 4 | vii | Probing further, Noakes conducted an experiment with seven cyclists who had sensors taped to their legs to measure the nerve impulses travelling through their muscles. | Paragraph D;
Line 1 |
| 5 | viii | But his team found exactly the opposite. | Paragraph E;
Line 2 |
| 6 | iv | ‘The cyclists may have felt completely exhausted,’ he says, ‘but their bodies actually had considerable reserves that they could theoretically tap by using a greater proportion of the resting fibres.’ | Paragraph F;
Line 2 |
| 7 | C | Lactic acid is a by-product of exercise, and its accumulation is often cited as a cause of fatigue. | Paragraph C;
Line 2 |
| 8 | A | In other words, muscles tire because they hit a physical limit: they either run out of fuel or oxygen or they drown in toxic by-products. | Paragraph A;
Line 3 |
| 9 | B | the brain is regulating the pace of the workout to hold the cyclists well back from the point of catastrophic exhaustion | Paragraph F;
Line 3 |
| 10 | C | But the central governor theory does not mean that what’s happening in the muscles is irrelevant. The governor constantly monitors physiological signals from the muscles, along with other information, to set the level of fatigue. | Paragraph I;
Lines 1- 2 |
| 11 | B | Noakes believes that the central regulator evaluates the planned workout, and sets a pacing strategy accordingly | Paragraph J;
Line 2 |
| 12 | A | if fatigue is caused by muscles poisoning themselves with lactic acid | Paragraph H;
Line 2 |
| 13 | B | St Clair Gibson believes there is a good reason why our bodies are designed to keep something back. That way, there’s always something left in the tank for an emergency. | Paragraph K;
Lines 1 – 2 |
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