IELTS Writing Task 2 Topic 05: The birth rate in most developed countries is predicted to fall

Courtney Miller

11 min read

Updated On Oct 27, 2021

Model Answer 01 :
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What effects will these predictions have on developed countries if they prove true? What can be done now to deal with this situation?

Give reason for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Many developed countries now have large numbers of people over the age of 65. What problems might this cause? How can the problems be solved?

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Write at least 250 words.

Model Answer 01 :

The birth rate in most developed countries is predicted to begin to fall over the next 50 years. By 2030 it is estimated that over one-third of the population in most developed countries will be aged 65 and over. What effects will these predictions have on developed countries if they prove true? What can be done now to deal with this situation?

In modern Europe, the problem of birth rates has become very actual. As a result, many issues will arise, and the present generation of people will see a significant number of changes. It is essential to outline some notable aspects of this question, such as the rise in the number of new migrants and the ruin of the pension system, which can be compensated only by a decrease of pensions.

First of all, the population of every country is a working force, and the lack of it creates many problems for the economy. At the same time, there are several solutions to this problem that are appropriate in the world. For example, to attract people from developing countries to reside in Europe with the aim of filling the gap. Unfortunately, it is predictable that this tendency can make worse the relations on the cultural base, and this the reason why certain parts of society do not accept this idea.

Secondly, the stability of the pension system depends on one vital factor – the number of people who work and pay their taxes. The decline of the population always leads to a reduction of budget revenue and an economy in state spending. In this case, the government is obligated to make some unpopular decisions, for instance, to reduce pensions. This solution is regarded as negative. However, it is the most suitable answer in this situation.

In conclusion, it is important to make a remark here; that the decline of the population is a very negative trend which can bring some bad consequences, such as the problem with the workforce, or the crisis of the pension system. However, there are some unpleasant solutions to these problems, the reduction of pensions and changes in migration policy with the target of attracting new employees from foreign countries.

Model Answer 02 :

The predictions show that the birth rate in industrial nations will decline over the next half of the century. Estimations have reported that over 30% of technologically advanced societies will get 65 years old and over by 2030. This alarming trend leads to decreasing population, tax incomes and active labor.

Falling birth rate yields a plethora of hurdles. At first, the low rate of pregnancy among women results in declining the population of the country. Furthermore, this hitch causes the reduction of taxable incomes, so the government must spend a huge amount of budget for medical care and social services in order to support old people. Finally, the third obstacle of this condition is the plunge of active work force.

On the other hand, economic experts have suggested a host of solutions for this upheaval. The first effective solution is fortifying incentive policies for rising fertility rate among young couples. As a prime example, the government can pay a subsidy for any newborn kids. In addition, the second technique of problem solving that can reform this dilemma is expediting immigration of young skilled workers and experienced engineers from less developed countries. Nowadays, a wide spectrum of states implements this policy. As an outstanding instance, Australia has facilitated the entrance of migrants. Thus the government publishes a list of required labor in certain fields based on specific criteria annually.

In conclusion, the drop of birth rate escalates an amounting number of challenges such as shortage of labor forces, the peak of old age group and the exacerbate of social services and health-cares. These disastrous crises can be modified by executing beneficial methods like financial support of couples for raise of fertility and accelerating of immigration processes.

Model Answer 03 :

Nowadays, most people worry about over-population and living crowded cities. However, it is predicted that we will have the opposite problem by the year 2030 when one third of the population will be aged 65 or over and birth rates are predicted to decline. What effect will this have on our society?

By 2030 the percentage of the population aged 65 or older will have risen significantly, to more than 30%. This means that fewer people will be working, and therefore fewer people will be paying income tax. In the future it may be necessary for governments to increase the official retirement age to 70 or even older. When today’s 30-year-olds are in their sixties it is unlikely that they will enjoy the relaxed lifestyle that today’s older generation can expect when they give up work. Government will therefore need to make sure that this older generation is healthy and fit enough to continue working.

However I believe the biggest impact will be on the younger generation. In 2030 the younger generation will need to work much harder to support the large number of older people. If this trend continues then it is possible that our entire culture will change. For example, most marketing companies today try to target the younger generation with their products and advertisements. If the majority of the population is older then this will change and companies will begin to target the older generation instead.

So, what can be done now to prevent these problems? Firstly, I believe that governments of developed countries should find ways to encourage people to have larger families and increase the birth rate. Secondly, I believe that they should encourage migration from developing countries so that the problems of Over-crowding can be solved.

Model Answer 04 :

Birth means that Life is going on and on. In modern societies, having children has significantly decreased and they say that by 2030 elderly population in developed countries will have outnumbered the young generation. It is clear that this issue will definitely impact on these states in every aspect of their life if these forecasts come true.
To start with, a decline in birth rate might lead these countries to destruction of life systems. For instance, the less young people they have, the less workforces they can imagine. Therefore, economic problems will begin to appear one by one. Moreover, they might have to receive many migrants from other countries which could have its sub-problems such as cultural threats and an increase in crime rate. Another issue is that it might be necessary for authorities to rise the official retirement age to 70 and even older in order to cover with more workforces. Even though it may look difficult at a first glance, they need to think of some solutions to prevent the upcoming events.
Governments should, firstly, encourage their individuals to have children in many ways, for example, they could reward the families who want to have a child. Secondly, young couples who are about to get married might be freed from paying a year-taxes after the wedding. Thus, there will be a lot of married couples and of course many children. Besides, developed countries can act to establish more friendly centers for migrants and their families because of not many workforces.
To put it in a nutshell, the projected population in these states will age progressively due to low birth rate. This trouble will definitely influence on the future of these societies in a large extent. As a result, some solutions such as stimulating policies for having children must be found.

Model Answer 05 :

With the birth rate expected to fall and an increase in the number of senior citizens, this is likely to result in economic and social problems in developed countries. Although there is no way of changing these figures for a more balanced society, the government may take some precautionary measures to lessen the impact this prediction might cause.

To begin with, if most of the population is over 65, the output of a country will be reduced. At this age people usually retire and do not contribute positively to the income or growth of a country. To face labour shortages, some governments have chosen to increase the age of retirement so that people continue to work well past a reasonable retirement age.

What is more, the social needs of the elderly differ to those of other members of society. At a later stage in life individuals require care, medical treatment and social interaction with others. The government will have to restructure the way that it spends its budget, allocating more money to pensions, hospitals, old age homes, libraries and other services aimed at the elderly.

To sum up, an ageing population is a worrying trend. Young people will not be able to drive the economy with energy and new ideas while the elderly cannot work to their full capacity. Socially, senior citizens look forward to a period when they can relax and enjoy their leisure time after so many years of working and this will be denied to them. The government will be required to plan ahead in terms of passing appropriate laws, budget cuts and allocations to ensure economic growth and benefit to those in need.

Model Answer 06 :

The birth rate in most developed countries is predicted to begin to fall over the next 50 years. By 2030 it is estimated that over one third of the population in most developed countries will be aged 65 and over.
What effects will these predictions have on developed countries if they prove true? What can be done now to deal with this situation?

Changing of generations always has been an essential part of the planet’s life cycle. However, today, this phenomenon has slowed down in most developed countries of the world. According to recent statistics, the birth rate will continue to decrease over the next 50 years, so, by 2030, more than one third of the population in these countries will be aged 65 and over. It is believed to have more negative effects on societies rather than positives.

Firstly, the declining nature of younger generations catalyzes the lack of workforce in national economies. Take Japan as an example. As the Japanese population is growing older, factories have to reduce their workplaces because there are not enough new workers to replace retiring workers. Hence, it will slow down economic growth of the country. Thus, these predicted figures will affect national economies of developing countries.

Moreover, the costs required to sustain retired people are likely to surge by 2030. Therefore, it is obvious that the social burden of caring for an aging population will be held by disproportionatelyfewer people in the younger generations.
In order to prevent this unnatural misbalance that causes issues, governments should maintain stimulating demography policy. One of the possible solutions could be the usage of a wide range of preferences for giving birth. Another way is to promote the role of family and motherhood in modern society.
Overall, the problem of aging populations in most developed countries is very challenging and should be considered more seriously by experts.

Model Answer 07 :

Nowadays decreasing birth rate is common among world’s richest countries. The situation, triggered by working middle-aged people, who are responsibly planning their parenthood, is predicted to become a huge problem in the future. Some possible consequences and the ways of reducing the negative effect should be discussed.

To begin with, the increasing percent of older people lowers the number of active workers, who maintain the economics. Therefore, in the future the minimum pensioner age is likely to be a lot of higher than it is currently. In addition, many countries will have bigger expenses on medicine, since there will be much more people to take care about. Also, the money matters could become substantially worse for both, younger and older people, as a result of greater funds required for pensions and the decline of workforce.

However, some actions could be taken now to prevent dramatic situation in the future. Firstly, the governments should encourage birth rate by offering decent support and making the decision to have children easier. Secondly, in order to adapt to the rapidly changing environment, people must learn whole life. In this dynamic century it is crucial to understand, that education is not only for youth, but also for elder. Obviously, it is the only way to fight with the ageing of society.

In conclusion, the next fifty years will become a considerable challenge to the most developed countries in the world. The question is how seriously it will be taken before affecting ordinary people.

Model Answer 08 :

Aged people is likely to constitute a more significant part of population of most developed countries in the near future as a result of decrease in their related birth rates. This issue will definetly affect these countries in many terms.

An aged population means that there is less people to work and help their society to develop. This would put the society under pressure, young people should work harder to compensate the lack of work force which might cause many problems for them mentally and physically and there would be no gurantee that they can succeed.

In addition to this, government and inscurance institutes have to spend more money to pay the aged people’s retirement wages and obviously this makes the society economically weaker.Furthermore old people are more likely to become ill which their related expenses should be covered by inscurance and it makes the situation even worse.

To prevent that the huge number of aged population become a crisis, some parameters should be considered by government. I think health care is an essential key point. people should be protected from the deseases and other events that may increase the possibility of disablities in their old ages. so they can be able to work and take part in their society’s development for a much longer period.Furthermore if the old people were healthy enough, there would be no need that to be looked after by a young person.

In conclusion we can say there is not much we can do about circumstances of an aged population except for keeping them health as far as possible.