Reading Passage
The Academic passage ‘The Scientific Method’ is a reading passage that appeared in an IELTS Test. Read the passage below and answer questions 29-40. Beyond the questions, you will find the answers along with the location of the answers in the passage and the keywords that prove the answers.
The Scientific Method
Answers
| Question numbers | Answers | Keywords | Location of Keywords |
| 29 | iv | Inductive, formulation starts with – basic, raw evidence of the senses | Para C, line 1-9 |
| 30 | vii | Hypotheses, ‘initiative and incentive for the inquiry and influence the method’ | Para D, line 10-16 |
| 31 | iii | Guesswork, having been formulated they can. | Para E, first 5 lines |
| 32 | v | ‘some idea of what your results will tell you before you even begin to collect data;’ | Para F, first 8 lines |
| 33 | vi | hypothetico-deductive method proceeds in a step-by-step, inevitable fashion. been, quite properly, organised into a more serial, logical order so that the worth of the output may be evaluated independently of the behavioural processes by which it was obtained. | Para G, line 6-23 |
| 34 | B | ‘It is essential that you, as an intending researcher, understand the difference between these two interpretations of the research process…’ | Para B, first 5 lines |
| 35 | F | ‘So don’t worry if you have some idea of what your results will tell you before you even begin to collect data; there are no scientists in existence who really wait until they have all the evidence in front of them before they try to work out what it might possibly mean…’ | Para F, first 4 lines |
| 36 | YES | Karl Popper in The Logic of Scientific Discovery (1972, 3rd edition) that the nature of scientific method is hypothetico-deductive | Para A, line 6-9 |
| 37 | NO | If the predictions turn out to be correct then your hypothesis has been supported and may be retained until such time as some further test shows it not to be correct. | Para E, line 10-15 |
| 38 | NOT GIVEN | – | |
| 39 | YES | The hypothetico-deductive method describes the logical approach to much research work, but it does not describe the psychological behaviour that brings it about. This is much more holistic — involving guesses, reworkings, corrections, blind alleys and above all inspiration, in the deductive as well as the hypothetical component -than is immediately apparent from reading the final thesis or published papers. | Para G, line 6-18 |
| 40 | D | – |
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